What happens to the cilia in the respiratory tract when someone smokes?

When someone smokes, the cilia in the respiratory tract become paralyzed. Cilia are tiny hair-like structures that line the respiratory tract and play a crucial role in keeping the airways clear. They work by moving in a coordinated manner to sweep mucus, debris, and pathogens out of the lungs and towards the throat, where they can be swallowed or expelled.

Cigarette smoke contains numerous harmful chemicals that can damage the respiratory system. One significant effect of smoking is that it disrupts the normal function of cilia, leading to their paralysis. When cilia are paralyzed, they lose their ability to beat effectively, causing a buildup of mucus and potentially leading to respiratory issues. This impairment contributes to chronic conditions such as chronic bronchitis and increases the risk of respiratory infections.

This answer illustrates a critical aspect of how smoking can adversely affect respiratory health and emphasizes the importance of cilia in maintaining a clear airway.