What is the normal respiratory rate in an adult?

The normal respiratory rate for an adult typically ranges from 12 to 20 breaths per minute (bpm) while at rest. This range reflects the body's requirement for oxygen exchange and removal of carbon dioxide under normal conditions. It is established based on an abundance of clinical observations and studies that show this is the most common and healthy rate for adults in a resting state.

Rates lower than 12 bpm may indicate bradypnea, which can imply various medical conditions such as respiratory depression, while rates above 20 bpm can signify tachypnea, often associated with situations such as physical activity, fever, or respiratory distress.

Understanding the normal respiratory rate is crucial in clinical settings, as it helps identify patients who may require further assessment or intervention due to potential respiratory issues.