Which type of circulation encompasses the lungs and heart?

The correct choice is pulmonary circulation, which specifically refers to the pathway of blood that carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and returns oxygenated blood back to the heart. In this process, blood is pumped from the right side of the heart through the pulmonary arteries to the lungs, where carbon dioxide is exchanged for oxygen. After this gas exchange, the now oxygen-rich blood returns to the left side of the heart via the pulmonary veins, ready to be distributed to the rest of the body.

This cycle is distinct from other types of circulation: systemic circulation refers to the flow of oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body and back, coronary circulation specifically supplies blood to the heart muscle itself, and cerebral circulation pertains to the blood flow in the brain. Each of these circulatory pathways serves different anatomical regions and fulfills specific physiological functions. In contrast, pulmonary circulation is centered around the lungs and is crucial for oxygenation of the blood, making it the correct answer in this context.